beta1 -Adrenoceptor, but not beta2 -adrenoceptor, subtype regulates heart rate in type 2 diabetic rats in vivo
NEW FINDINGS: What is the central question of the study? The sympathetic system regulates heart rate via beta-adrenoceptors; this is impaired during diabetes. However, the specific beta-adrenoceptor subtype contributions in heart rate regulation in diabetes in…
DOI: 10.1113/EP086293
Effect of type 2 diabetes, surgical incision, and volatile anesthesia on hemodynamics in the rat
Diabetic patients have increased cardiac complications during surgery, possibly due to impaired autonomic regulation. Anesthesia lowers blood pressure and heart rate (HR), whereas surgical intervention has opposing effects. The interaction of anesthesia and su…
Protective Effect of N-Acetylcysteine Amide on Blast-Induced Increase in Intracranial Pressure in Rats
Blast-induced traumatic brain injury is associated with acute and possibly chronic elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP). The outcome after TBI is dependent on the progression of complex processes which are mediated by oxidative stress. So far, no effective…
Improving animal welfare using continuous nalbuphine infusion in a long-term rat model of sepsis
Background Sepsis research relies on animal models to investigate the mechanisms of the dysregulated host response to infection. Animal welfare concerns request the use of potent analgesics for the Refinement of existing sepsis models, according to the 3Rs pr…
Circadian Rhythm in Kidney Tissue Oxygenation in the Rat
Blood pressure, renal hemodynamics, electrolyte, and water excretion all display diurnal oscillation. Disturbance of these patterns is associated with hypertension and chronic kidney disease. Kidney oxygenation is dependent on oxygen delivery and consumption t…
Circadian Rhythm in Kidney Tissue Oxygenation in the Rat
Blood pressure, renal hemodynamics, electrolyte, and water excretion all display diurnal oscillation. Disturbance of these patterns is associated with hypertension and chronic kidney disease. Kidney oxygenation is dependent on oxygen delivery and consumption t…
High Thoracic Contusion Model for the Investigation of Cardiovascular Function after Spinal Cord Injury
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Because of a lack of a standardized and accessible animal model for cardiovascular disease after SCI, few laboratories have conducted pre-clinical trials aimed…
Src Kinases Regulate Glutamatergic Input to Hypothalamic Presympathetic Neurons and Sympathetic Outflow in Hypertension
The elevated sympathetic outflow associated with hypertension is maintained by increased N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activity in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus. Synaptic NMDAR activity is tightly regulated by protein kinases, i…
Effects of Exposure to Blast Overpressure on Intracranial Pressure and Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability in a Rat Model
Exposure to blast overpressure (BOP) activates a cascade of pathological processes including changes in intracranial pressure (ICP) and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability resulting in traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this study the effect of single and mul…
A tryptic hydrolysate from bovine milk alphas1-casein enhances pentobarbital-induced sleep in mice via the GABAA receptor
Studies have shown that enzymatic hydrolysis of casein, the primary protein component of cow's milk, produces peptides with various biological activities, and some of these peptides may have sleep-promoting effects. In the present study, we evaluated the sedat…